BINDER VEHICLE AND RESINS COMPONENTS

The binder, commonly called the vehicle, is film forming component of Paint. Its is the only component that must be present.

 Components listed below are include optionally, depending on the designed properties of the film.

The binder  imparts adhesion and strongly influences such properties as gloss, durability, flexibility and toughness.

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Binders include synthetic or natural resins such as alkyds, acrylics, vinyls, acrylics, vinyl acetate/ethylene(V,AE) polyurethanes polyesters melamine resins, epoxy or binders can be categorized according to the mechanisms for drying or curing although drying may refer to evaporation of the solvent or thinner, it usually refers to oxidative cross linking of the binders and is indistinguishable from curing. Some paints from by solvent evaporation only, but most rely on cross linking process.

        SOLVENT AND DILUENT

The  main purposes of the diluent are to dissolved the polymer and adjust  the viscosity of the paint. 

It is volatile and dose not become 'art of the paint film. It also controls flow and application properties, and in some cases can affect the stability of the paint while in liquid state.

          FILLER AND PIGMENT

Pigment are granular solids incorporated in the paint contribute color fillers are granular solids incorporate to impart toughness, texture, give the paint special properties,or to reduce the cost of the paint. Alternative, some paints contain dyes instead of or in combination with pigments.

Pigment can be classified as either natural or synthetic types. Natural pigment include various clays, calcium carbonate mica, silica's, and talcs. Synthetics would include engineered molecules, calcined clays. Blanc fixed precipitated calcium carbonate, and synthetic pyrogenic silica's.

                   ADDITIVES

Besides the three main categories of ingredients, Paint can have a wide variety of miscellaneous additives, which are usually added in small amounts, yet provided a significant effect on the product.

Some examples include additives to modify surface tension, improve flow properties, improve the finished appearance, increase wet edge, improve pigment stability, impart antifreeze properties, control foaming, control skinning etc.

Other type of additives include catalyst, thickeners, stabilization, emulsifies, texturing adhesion promoters UV stabilizers, flatteners ( do-gooders agents), biocides to fight growth and the like.